@inbook {KNZ00642, title = {Hydrology and aquatic chemistry}, booktitle = {Grassland Dynamics: Long-Term Ecological Research in Tallgrass Prairie}, year = {1998}, pages = {159 -176}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, organization = {Oxford University Press}, address = {New York}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, tallgrass prairie}, author = {Gray, L.J. and G. L. Macpherson and Koelliker, J.K. and W. K. Dodds}, editor = {Alan K. Knapp and J. M. Briggs and D.C. Hartnett and Scott. L. Collins} } @inbook {KNZ00643, title = {Structure and dynamics of aquatic communities}, booktitle = {Grassland Dynamics: Long-Term Ecological Research in Tallgrass Prairie}, year = {1998}, pages = {177 -189}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, organization = {Oxford University Press}, address = {New York}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, tallgrass prairie}, author = {Gray, L.J. and W. K. Dodds}, editor = {Alan K. Knapp and J. M. Briggs and D.C. Hartnett and Scott. L. Collins} } @article {KNZ00589, title = {Organic matter dynamics in Kings Creek, Konza Prairie, Kansas, USA}, journal = {Journal of the North American Benthological Society}, volume = {16}, year = {1997}, pages = {50 -54}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ}, doi = {10.2307/1468232}, url = {https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.2307/1468232}, author = {Gray, L.J.} } @article {KNZ00402, title = {Response of insectivorous birds to emerging aquatic insects in riparian habitats of a tallgrass prairie stream}, journal = {American Midland Naturalist}, volume = {129}, year = {1993}, pages = {288 -300}, abstract = {The relationship between emergence production of aquatic insects from Kings Creek, a tallgrass prairie stream, and densities of insectivorous birds (flycatcher and gleaner guilds) was examined using concurrent measurements of insect emergence and bird densities at six sites on 31 dates during May to July from 1987 to 1990. Daily insect emergence averaged 10.6 g/100-reach in the gallery forest habitat and 2.5 g/reach in the prairie/shrub habitat. Principal taxa included Chironomidae (>50\% of emergence biomass), Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera. Common flycatchers were the eastern wood-pewee (Contopus virens) and great crested flycatcher (Myiarchus crinitus) in the gallery forest, and eastern kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus) in the prairie/shrub habitat. Common gleaners were black-capped chickadee (Parus atricapillus) in the gallery forest and common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas) in the prairie/shrub. Flycatcher densities were highly correlated with total emergence in both habitats, but gleaner densities were correlated with emergence only in the gallery forest habitat. Both emergence and insectivore densities varied directly with the stream hydrograph, even over short, postflood recovery periods. Direct observations of feeding behavior showed that insectivores preyed upon a variety of aquatic and nonaquatic prey. Thus stream insects are an important food resource for insectivorous birds in riparian habitats of the tallgrass prairie, although insect emergence is likely insufficient to support observed insectivore densities.}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, tallgrass prairie}, doi = {10.2307/2426510}, author = {Gray, L.J.} } @proceedings {KNZ00229, title = {Correlations between stream insect emergence and densities of insectivorous birds in the tallgrass prairie}, year = {1989}, pages = {263 -265}, publisher = {University of Nebraska Press}, address = {Lincoln, NE}, abstract = {

Previous observations in riprarian habitats of Kings Creek, Konza Prairie Research Natural Area, Kansas indicated that emerging aquatic insects represent a concentrated source of food for insectivorous birds, particularly the flycatcher and gleaner guilds. This hypothesis was tested by concurrent measurments of net insect emergence (total emergence minus adults returning to the stream) and densities of birds at six sampling sites from June to August 1987 and May to June 1988. Significant positive correlations with emergence were found for flycatchers (r=0.93) and gleaners (r=0.91), the two insectivore guilds containing the majority of individuals along Kings Creek. Observations also showed that flycatcher and gleaner populations rapidly respond to temporal changes in insect emergence. Key words: fly catcher, gleaner, bird, aquatic insect, tallgrass prairie, stream, Kansas

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, tallgrass prairie}, author = {Gray, L.J.}, editor = {Bragg, T.B. and Stubbendieck, J.} } @article {KNZ00228, title = {Emergence production and export of aquatic insects from a tallgrass prairie stream}, journal = {The Southwestern Naturalist}, volume = {34}, year = {1989}, pages = {313 -318}, abstract = {

Composition, numbers, and biomass of aquatic insects emerging frim Kings Creek, a tallgrass prairie stream in Kansas, were quantified during the summers of 1986 and 1987 at six study sites. Mean emergence was 101 individuals m-2d-1 and 20.3 mg m-2d-1. The most common taxa were Chironomidae (Diptera) and Ephemeroptera. Discharge greatly influenced emergence production with lowest production rates occurring as streams dried. Aquatic adults and terrestrial insects falling into the stream averaged 2.7 mg m-2d-1, thus net export was 17.6 mg m-2d-1. Because stream export exceeds terrestrial arthropod production, prairie streams may be important feeding areas for terrestrial predators

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, tallgrass prairie}, doi = {10.2307/3672158}, author = {Gray, L.J.} } @article {KNZ00177, title = {Trophic structure of benthic macroinvertebrates in Kings Creek}, journal = {Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science}, volume = {91}, year = {1988}, pages = {178 -184}, abstract = {

The trophic structure of stream macroinvertebrate communities is described for gallery forest and grassland reaches of Kings Creek, Konza Prairie Research Natural Area. Similarities between communities in both riparian zones included a dominance by small, rapid-growing collectors (38\% and 58\% of total biomass in the gallery forest and grassland reaches, respectively) and nearly equal percentages for scrapers and predators. The main difference was a greater percentage of shredders in the gallery forest (22\%) compared to the grassland (1\%), and this difference is correlated with higher allochthonous inputs and storage of detritus in gallery forest channels. The trophic structure of gallery forest reaches is very similar to other forested streams, although this resemblance may be because of the unusually stable streamflows that occurred during the study period. Grassland reaches of Kings Creek more closely resemble desert and other prairie streams where low allochthonous inputs and hydrologic extremes (drought and flooding) limit shredder abundance

}, keywords = {LTER-KNZ, gallery forest}, doi = {10.2307/3628353}, author = {Gray, L.J. and Johnson, K.W.} }